Most inter-systems communication components that use REST serialize their payload in JSON. As of now, JSON lacks a widely-used schema validation standard: JSON Schema is not widespread. Standard schema validation allows delegating the validation to a third-party library and being done with it. Without one, we must fall back to manual validation in the code. Worse, we must keep the validation code in sync with the schema.

XML has schema validation out-of-the-box: an XML document can declare a grammar that it must conform to. SOAP, being based on XML, benefits from it, too.

Other serialization alternatives have a schema validation option: e.g., Avro, Kryo, and Protocol Buffers. Interestingly enough, gRPC uses Protobuf to offer RPC across distributed components: